Q103
Indian National MovementGandhian Era: Khilafat, NCM, CDM
Gandhiji was influenced by
- a.Tolstoy
- b.Dickens
- c.Marx
- d.Lincon
Answer: (A) Tolstoy
Leo Tolstoy's The Kingdom of God Is Within You deeply shaped Gandhi's ideas of non-violence and non-resistance to evil; the two corresponded, and Gandhi named his second South African settlement Tolstoy Farm (1910, near Johannesburg). His other major influences were John Ruskin's Unto This Last (which he paraphrased as Sarvodaya; Phoenix Settlement, 1904), Henry David Thoreau's essay on Civil Disobedience, and the Gita. Dickens was a Victorian novelist, Marx advocated class struggle and revolution, and Lincoln, though admired by Gandhi, was not a formative influence.