- a.Article 17
- b.Article 19
- c.Article 18
- d.Article 21
Answer: (A) Article 17
Article 17 abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form; it is one of the few Fundamental Rights enforceable against private individuals as well as the State. Parliament gave effect to it through the Untouchability (Offences) Act, 1955, renamed the Protection of Civil Rights Act in 1976, and later the SC and ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. The Right to Equality runs from Article 14 to 18: 14, equality before law; 15, no discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth; 16, equality of opportunity in public employment; 17, abolition of untouchability; 18, abolition of titles (option C). Article 19 guarantees the six freedoms and Article 21 protects life and personal liberty.